The study of feces is carried out to identify diseases of the digestive system: stomach, liver, pancreas, inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract, violations of the absorption of nutrients in the small intestine, duodenum.

After identifying diseases and prescribing treatment, fecal analysis is done again to assess the effectiveness of therapy..

Examining the feces, pay attention to such indicators:.

consistency - feces should be formed and dense. Liquid stool indicates enteritis, colitis; ointment - for the absence of bile, disruption of the pancreas; mushy - for colitis with diarrhea, chronic enteritis, fermentative dyspepsia; frothy - for fermentative colitis; sheep - colitis, accompanied by constipation; ribbon-like feces occurs with hemorrhoids, tumors of the rectum or sigmoid colon, spasm of the sphincter;

color - feces should be brown, t. it contains stercobilin. If the color of the feces is black, this indicates the presence of bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract; brown light feces - for accelerated evacuation of feces from the rectum; yellow - for fermentative dyspepsia, poor digestion of food in the small intestine; reddish - for colitis with ulcers; light yellow or gray - for pancreatic insufficiency; white - for stagnation of the bile duct;

smell - it causes the presence of decay products in the feces. A putrid smell indicates ulcerative colitis, indigestion in the stomach; weak - about constipation, insufficiency of digestion in the large intestine; the smell of rancid oil indicates problems with the flow of bile, a violation of secretion by the pancreas; sour smell in feces can be with fermentative dyspepsia;

pH reaction of feces should be slightly alkaline or neutral;

bilirubin, soluble protein, neutral fats, fatty acids, digestible fiber, starch, leukocytes, erythrocytes, crystals should not be;

muscle fibers and fatty acid salts should not be at all, but a small amount is allowed.

Preparation for analysis Feces are not suitable for research after cleansing enemas, rectal suppositories, laxatives.

The feces collected for analysis should not contain urine, disinfectants.

Two days before the analysis, the patient must stop taking drugs that affect the function of the gastrointestinal tract, pilocarpine, belladonna tincture, as well as those that contain iron, dyes, barium, bismuth.

In addition to the general study, fecal analysis for dysbacteriosis, fecal analysis for worms and blood is often performed..

Fecal analysis for worms. Most often, this fecal analysis is taken from children - when they are registered in health and educational institutions, for preventive purposes during a medical examination of schoolchildren and children in kindergartens. The most common cause of helminthiasis is the lack of personal hygiene.. It is believed that this is one of the diseases of "

In addition, children and adults are examined before hospitalization, if there are symptoms associated with infection with worms..

Special preparation before passing the analysis of feces for worms is not required, feces are collected and handed over, based on generally accepted rules. Normally, worm eggs should not be in the stool..

Fecal analysis for dysbacteriosisTo study the intestinal microflora, feces are checked for dysbacteriosis. When doing the analysis, they evaluate the content and ratio of harmless bacteria: lactobacilli, bifidobacteria, opportunistic bacteria: fungi, clostridia, enterobacteria, staphylococci, Escherichia coli and pathogenic bacteria - salmonella, shigella, etc..

Normally, the last two groups of microorganisms should be less than bacteria from the first group..

It is recommended to analyze feces for dysbacteriosis with unstable stools - frequent constipation and diarrhea, flatulence, discomfort and pain in the abdomen, frequent skin rashes, intolerance to a number of products, intestinal infections, with prolonged use of hormones and anti-inflammatory drugs.

Such an analysis of feces is also carried out in children, newborns who are at risk, adolescents suffering from frequent respiratory infections, allergies.

Fecal blood testThe study is prescribed if there is a suspicion of bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract - to detect blood that is not visible on microscopic examination.

Latent blood is determined in the analysis of feces for bleeding from the gums, veins of the stomach, esophagus, intestines, inflammation and ulcers in the intestines and stomach, hemorrhagic diathesis, polyposis of the intestinal mucosa.

In addition to the usual preparation, for a fecal blood test, the patient must adhere to a special diet - exclude fish, liver, apples, spinach, meat, green onions, green vegetables, bell peppers, horseradish, beets, white beans, tomatoes 3 days before the analysis. It is preferable to use milk, white bread with butter, cereals, mashed potatoes, soft-boiled eggs, a small amount of fresh fruit. Due to the possibility of damage to the gums, it is not recommended to brush your teeth for two days before the analysis..

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