Russia proposes to create a system of state monitoring and management of the state of permafrost in the Arctic zone of the country. This is reported by the Russian media.

The thawing of permafrost is fraught with trillions of damages to infrastructure, since the "

" With climate change, by 2050 damage to residential and industrial buildings is estimated at 5-7 trillion rubles, of which damage to residential buildings is about 770 billion rubles, Russian media say.

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The new system, the creation of which will cost 12 billion rubles, should at least make it possible to predict the situation. And at the same time - to develop methods for the protection of cryogenic resources to ensure the reliability of engineering structures and prevent accidents.

Permafrost covers 65% of the territory of Russia (11 million sq.. km. ) - more than in any other country in the world.

These are mostly sparsely inhabited lands, but 2.4 million people or 1.5% of the population living in the Arctic produce a tenth of Russia's GDP.

Permafrost in the northern hemisphere is projected to shrink by 20% by 2040 and by two-thirds by 2080. This threatens Russia with especially grave consequences..

Large cities stand on frozen ground: Vorkuta, Salekhard, Chita, Ulan-Ude, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, Yakutsk, Magadan. From under them, literally, the soil can leave.

During the years of active settlement and development of the North, permafrost was considered a reliable support: piles were driven to a depth of 10-15 meters, on which buildings were built. As a result of warming, the bearing capacity of the soil has decreased by an average of 17%, and in some northern regions - by 45% compared to the 1970s.

The fact that houses in the Far North are cracking and sagging has been repeatedly reported by the Russian media.. It's time to resettle 30% of the housing stock in Norilsk, local researchers noted. According to other estimates, 90% of buildings are covered with cracks in a number of northern cities. The reason is not only in severe weather conditions and lack of repair, but also in the thawing of permafrost.

Permafrost (more precisely, permafrost) is called the upper layer of the earth's crust up to a kilometer deep, the temperature of which does not rise above zero for millennia.. In summer, the top layer of soil thaws, but at depth the soil remains solid..

However, since the 80s of the last century, the soil has been thawing to an ever greater depth, and swamps, lakes and canyons have replaced the tundra..

An example of how the polar plains can change is the Batagai crater in Yakutia.. The depression, up to a hundred meters deep and about a kilometer in diameter, arose half a century ago as a result of erosion caused by the thawing of permafrost.. It is expanding at a rate of 10-15 meters per year.

Another new formation - the Yamal craters - are formed where large reserves of natural gas lie under a thin layer of permafrost.. The climate is warming, the permafrost layer is getting thinner. Due to pressure, the gas breaks through the remnants of the permafrost, the shell bursts and an explosion occurs..