The Moon appears to be a cold and lifeless object that orbits the Earth.. It's true that there is no life on the Moon, but it's actually not that cold, at least not all the time. Just like on Earth, the temperature on the moon's surface varies depending on whether it receives sunlight.. In fact, temperature fluctuations on the Moon can be very large, writes Live Science.

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According to astronomer John Monier from the University of Michigan, USA, the Moon experiences extremely sharp temperature changes.. Temperatures on the surface of the Moon can vary from an average of minus 100 degrees Celsius to more than 100 degrees Celsius plus.. For comparison, the average temperature on the Earth's surface is approximately 15 degrees Celsius. At the same time, the temperature on our planet ranges from minus 89 degrees Celsius to plus 57 degrees Celsius.

The Earth and the Moon are approximately the same distance from the Sun, that is, 150 million km. But their temperatures differ due to the presence of certain factors. Our planet has an atmosphere that helps maintain moderate temperatures and prevents sunlight from heating the Earth too much. But the Moon has no atmosphere, so it can get very hot.

There are also oceans on Earth that absorb solar heat during the day and slowly release it at night.. The moon gets very hot during the day and cools down very much at night.. Day and night on the Moon last approximately two weeks, which means the surface of the Earth's satellite is subject to longer periods of heating and cooling. But the temperature on the Moon differs in different places.

For example, near the equator of the Moon, temperatures can reach 120 degrees Celsius during the day, and drop to minus 130 degrees Celsius at night.. The Moon is the second world in the solar system after Mercury to experience such dramatic temperature changes..

If you were at one of the poles of the Moon, you could see that the Sun almost never rises or sets in these places. The sun is always above or below the horizon by about 1.5 degrees. Because of this, there are long shadows at the poles. Therefore, some craters at the poles of the Moon are always in the shadow.

Some places on the Moon's poles, which are pits created by past volcanic activity, have been observed to have moderate temperatures equivalent to about 17 degrees Celsius, Monier said.. This means that it is possible to build a base there for the permanent presence of man on the Moon.

But the temperature inside many craters on the Moon near the poles, where sunlight never reaches, is extremely low.. Some scientists believe that these places may have the coldest temperatures in the solar system.. Available data indicates that the temperature in these craters is approximately minus 248 degrees Celsius, but it is likely much colder there.

According to Monier, understanding temperature fluctuations on the Moon is critical for the future long-term presence of humans on the Earth's satellite, as well as for further research. It is necessary to create equipment that can withstand extreme temperature changes.

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