Melasma, also known as cholestasis, is a dermatological condition characterized by the appearance of dark spots or pigmentation on the skin. This process usually occurs due to increased activity of melanocytes, the cells responsible for producing the pigment melanin..

Melanin gives skin its color and protects against harmful ultraviolet (UV) rays. Melasma usually appears as brown, taupe, or dark patches that may appear on exposed areas of the skin such as the face, neck, and arms.

Although the exact causes of melasma are not entirely understood, it is thought to be due to a combination of genetic factors, hormonal changes (especially during pregnancy or when using oral contraceptives) and exposure to UV rays..

Treatment for melasma can be complex and requires an individualized approach.. A wide range of methods can be used to reduce the appearance of pigmentation, such as cosmetic creams with active ingredients (hydroquinone, retinoids), peeling procedures, laser therapy and protecting the skin from sun damage with sunscreens.

However, it is important to understand that melasma is often chronic and it can be difficult to get rid of it completely.. Regular skin care and following specialist recommendations will help minimize the appearance of pigmentation and maintain healthy and well-groomed skin..

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