Which doctor to contact with high blood pressure? This question worries many people, because the prevalence of arterial hypertension has now increased significantly, in addition, there is a significant "

In order to prevent the aggravation of the disease and not to miss the development of complications, patients should seek qualified medical help in a timely manner..

If signs of hypertension appear, you should first of all contact a general practitionerWhich doctor treats hypertension. These specialists deal with the diagnosis and treatment of hypertension.. To clarify the diagnosis and select the most effective treatment regimen, the doctor will prescribe mandatory tests and instrumental studies (if necessary).

With an increase in weight by 10 kg, the pressure increases by an average of 10 mm Hg. st. A significant deterioration in well-being is explained not only by hypertension, but also by excessive stress on the joints, spine, and cardiovascular system..

Laboratory research:.

complete blood count - will exclude anemia, acute or chronic inflammation, increased allergic readiness;

biochemical blood test - will give an idea of \u200b\u200bthe health of the kidneys, liver, blood glucose, cholesterol, thyroid hormones. With the help of this study, the doctor will be able to assess the functional state of the organs most often suffering from increased blood pressure (blood pressure).

Instrumental research:.

blood pressure measurement. Blood pressure for the diagnosis of " Repeated measurement excludes " Also, a 2 or 3-fold pressure measurement eliminates the error that occurs during physical or psycho-emotional stress (walking from a bus stop to the hospital, climbing to the desired floor of the clinic, waiting for an appointment, etc..

chest x-ray. Allows you to see left ventricular myocardial hypertrophy - one of the most common complications of hypertension;

ECG. Electrocardiography will demonstrate the main characteristics of the heart: the rhythm and frequency of the heartbeat, the presence of disturbances in the conduction of excitation through its tissues. In addition, the ECG allows you to identify foci of ischemia and dystrophy with malnutrition of the myocardium, valvular defects, signs of overload and congestion in the circulatory system.;

daily blood pressure monitoring. Allows you to establish a connection between pressure rises with load or the impact of other provocateurs, reflects the distribution of “jumps” in blood pressure throughout the day;

daily (Holter) ECG monitoring. A portable device with electrodes is fixed on the patient's body for 24 hours.. At regular intervals, it is activated and starts the process of recording ECG data. The results obtained most reliably confirm the presence of complications of hypertension from the circulatory system.;

kidney ultrasound. One of the most common causes of secondary hypertension is neoplasms of the kidneys that affect the functioning of the pressure control system located in them.. Ultrasound examination at the same time will allow with almost 100% certainty to exclude or confirm this pathology.;

Thyroid ultrasound. Quite often, the cause of these problems is excessive functioning of the thyroid gland.. Ultrasound will help determine whether there are prerequisites for the development of hyperthyroidism;

Ultrasound of the heart. Allows you to reliably, with an accuracy of a millimeter, determine the degree of hypertrophy of the left ventricular myocardium and the thickness of the walls of other chambers, evaluate the ejection fraction of the heart, the coordination of the work of all its structures, see the existing pathologies of valves and heart chords, evaluate all parameters of cardiac blood flow.

With essential hypertension, it is sometimes not possible to find the cause. In this case, a breakdown in the mechanisms of internal regulation leads to a systemic increase in pressure.. It is extremely difficult to isolate and eliminate its triggering factor..

After receiving the results of all studies, the therapist, if necessary, will additionally appoint specialist consultations. Usually requires a visit to a neurologist, ophthalmologist, psychotherapist. Based on the results, a detailed diagnosis is formulated indicating complications and possible risks, a treatment regimen is determined or the issue of hospitalization in a hospital for the purpose of additional examination is decided.

What symptoms should you see a doctorA consultation with a therapist is necessary if the following symptoms are systematically recorded for a long time:.

headache or tightness (like a hoop), episodes of spontaneous dizziness;

flashing of luminous dots before the eyes, short-term transient visual impairment, feeling of a veil;

sudden palpitations, tachycardia;

tinnitus;

hot flashes, fever, redness of the skin of the face, neck and decollete during physical or psycho-emotional stress;

episodes of sweating;

stabbing pains in the left side of the chest;

unsteadiness when walking;

memory impairment, decreased vitality, feeling of weakness, "

These symptoms are most common in adult patients.. In a child of school age or a teenager, such symptoms can also occur normally, which is due to the instability of the functioning of the nervous and vascular regulation of a growing organism.

Rules for measuring blood pressure To find out if there is a need to contact a specialist about an increase in blood pressure, it is necessary to take measurements at home in accordance with a certain algorithm. Violation of the methodology can provoke a significant error.

If the patient notes the periodic appearance of symptoms of arterial hypertension, it is necessary to seek advice from a general practitioner or cardiologist.. These specialists deal with the diagnosis and treatment of hypertension..

Necessary:.

Before starting the procedure (approximately 30 minutes before), refrain from intense physical activity, smoking, taking tonic drinks and alcohol.

Prepare the device and all its accessories, empty the cuff air balloon from the air, then tighten the valve tightly.

Take a comfortable position, while the arm with the cuff should be located at the level of the middle of the chest.

Put on the pad on the shoulder, just above the bend of the elbow (the exact location is indicated on the accessory itself in the form of a pictogram), avoiding excessively tight or excessively loose overlay: the index finger should fit freely between the skin and the inner surface of the cuff.

Under the edge of the accessory, fix the head of the phonendoscope (in the place of the most distinct pulsation), inflate the cuff and take a measurement.

What is hypertension and why does it occur Arterial hypertension is a systematic increase in blood pressure above 140/90 mm Hg.. st. Normally, its value ranges from 110/65–129/84 mm Hg.. st. In modern medicine, an unambiguous opinion is accepted: blood pressure exceeding 130/85 mm Hg. st. is not normal. This threshold indicates the readiness of the body to develop hypertension, this condition is called prehypertension..

Normal pressure is 120/80 mmHg. st. with the possibility of a slight deviation in one direction or another High blood pressure may accompany any disease, being one of the symptoms, or it may develop independently, without connection with another pathology. In the first case, hypertension is called secondary, or symptomatic, in the second - primary or essential..

Treatment and diagnosis of secondary hypertension, as a rule, do not present serious difficulties.. In this case, complex therapy of the underlying disease leads to the normalization of blood pressure figures..

With essential hypertension, it is sometimes not possible to find the cause. In this case, a breakdown in the mechanisms of internal regulation leads to a systemic increase in pressure.. It is extremely difficult to isolate and eliminate its triggering factor..

BP greater than 130/85 mmHg. st. is not normal. This threshold indicates the readiness of the body to develop hypertension, this condition is called prehypertension..

A number of risk factors have been identified, under the influence of which the likelihood of developing hypertension increases significantly.

Main provocateurs:.

Overweight. With an increase in weight by 10 kg, the pressure increases by an average of 10 mm Hg. st. A significant deterioration in well-being is explained not only by hypertension, but also by excessive stress on the joints, spine, and cardiovascular system..

Smoking. It contributes to the breakdown of receptors that read information about the magnitude of pressure in the vascular bed and transmit it to the vasomotor center. Distortion of data leads to inadequate functioning of higher centers of regulation.

Alcohol abuse. In this case, episodes of hypotension that occur when drinking small doses of alcohol are replaced by an increase in blood pressure with an increase in the amount of ethanol.. There is a huge load on the heart and blood vessels. In addition, the metabolic products of C2H5OH have a destructive effect on the circulatory system..

Sedentary lifestyle. A detrained heart, functioning in a low load mode, does not cope well with stress and various pathological influences.. Systematic physical activity allows you to keep the myocardium and blood vessels in good shape, making them less vulnerable.

Age over 45.

A diet high in animal fats. The body accumulates high concentrations of cholesterol, which settles on the walls of the arteries. Vessels lose elasticity, the ability to actively relax and contract.

Excessive salt intake. NaCl contributes to fluid retention in the body, which increases the volume of circulating blood.

Chronic psycho-emotional overload, unrealized stress. It is recommended to control blood pressure numbers especially carefully for people who are quick-tempered, emotionally labile, prone to violent reactions: they are the ones who have the highest risk of developing arterial hypertension..

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