Antibiotics for angina in children should be used as prescribed by a pediatric otolaryngologist or pediatrician after a bacteriological study. Self-selection of such drugs is not recommended, since the treatment may be ineffective, which will lead to the transition of the acute form of tonsillitis to the chronic one, as well as to the spread of the inflammatory process with the bloodstream to tissues and organs..

Antibiotics for angina in children should be prescribed by a pediatrician or ENT doctor. Self-medication, as well as the late start of adequate therapy for the disease, is fraught with the development of complications such as acute glomerulonephritis, rheumatism and other pathologies associated with GABHS antigens (? - hemolytic streptococcus group A) and having an infectious-allergic nature.

There are the following forms of angina (acute tonsillitis):.

lacunar;

catarrhal;

fibrinous;

follicular;

phlegmonous (intratonsillar abscess);

ulcerative necrotic (Simanovsky - Vincent);

herpetic;

mixed.

Causes of the development of pathology The causes of the development of the disease in children are viruses, bacteria, fungi and spirochetes. In 50-80% of cases, the causative agent of angina is GABHS, less often - streptococci of groups C and G, spirochetes, anaerobes, corynebacteria (Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Arcanobacterium haemolyticum), gonococcus, and in extremely rare cases - chlamydia and mycoplasma. Acute viral tonsillitis can be caused by rhinoviruses, adenoviruses, coronaviruses, Coxsackie virus, Epstein-Barr virus, influenza and parainfluenza.

In most cases, streptococci lead to the development of pathology. In the viral or fungal nature of angina, antibiotic treatment in children is not carried out.. In such cases, antiviral or antifungal agents should be used..

Pathogens enter the body mainly by airborne droplets, but contact and alimentary routes of infection should not be overlooked..

The causative agent can be transmitted both by airborne droplets and by contact. The source of the disease is a person suffering from acute tonsillitis, scarlet fever and other clinical forms of skin and respiratory streptococcal infections.. Also, infection can occur through contact with bacteria carriers of pyogenic streptococcus..

The occurrence of endogenous infection is directly related to the presence of chronic tonsillitis in a child.. Frequent sore throats against the background of this disease are due to the fact that in 75% of cases patients are carriers of GABHS, which vegetates in the crypts of the palatine tonsils..

Trigger factors Factors predisposing to the development of pathology include:.

decrease in the general reactivity of the body to cold;

sharp fluctuations in environmental conditions - humidity, temperature;

irregular or inadequate nutrition, lack of intake of vitamins from food;

tonsil injury;

constitutional predisposition to acute tonsillitis: in children with a lymphatic-hyperplastic constitution, the likelihood of developing pathology is increased;

disorders of the central and autonomic nervous system;

chronic inflammatory processes in the paranasal sinuses, mouth and nose.

Anatomical features of the development of the tonsilsAnatomical and functional features of the development of the tonsils play a significant role in the appearance of inflammation in children.. So, in infants, the tonsils are underdeveloped and functionally inactive, so they cannot become inflamed. By the end of 1 year, the final formation of follicles occurs, and closer to 2 years, tonsils also reach their full development..

In severe cases of acute tonsillitis, treatment should be carried out in an infectious diseases hospital.. Antibacterial drugs in such cases are administered parenterally.

Up to 5 years, the multi-row cylindrical ciliated epithelium that covers the tonsils is replaced by a squamous epithelium. Next comes the turn of hyperplasia of the follicles, and the completion of the growth of the tonsils occurs closer to 7 years.

The period from 5 to 7 years is characterized by the highest infectious incidence. In children after 9 years, and sometimes after 8 years, the age-related involution of lymphoid tissue begins, and acute tonsillitis does not occur so often..

Indications for antibiotic therapy In clinical practice, all sore throats are divided into two groups - banal (vulgar) and atypical. The first is characterized by the presence of four common features:.

bacterial or viral infection;

pathological changes in both palatine tonsils;

severe general intoxication of the body;

the duration of the illness does not exceed 7 days.

In what cases do children with angina need to drink antibiotics? It is banal sore throats of bacterial origin that must be treated with antibiotics.. They are diagnosed in most patients, and among them the lacunar, follicular and catarrhal forms are the most common.. Symptoms of these varieties of acute tonsillitis are:.

catarrhal: perspiration, dryness, burning and slight pain in the throat (when swallowing), headache, general malaise, subfebrile body temperature (37.1–38.0 ° C), diffuse hyperemia and swelling of the glands and the edges of the palatine arches, a slight increase. These manifestations are more pronounced in children than in adults.;

follicular: damage to the parenchyma of the tonsils, chills, fever up to 39–40 ° C, severe sore throat, severe intoxication, oliguria or dyspepsia, swelling and hyperemia of the palatine tonsils, the presence of whitish-yellow follicles on the surface of the tonsils, pronounced regional lymphadenitis;

lacunar: the onset of the pathology, as well as its general signs, are similar to the follicular form, but are more severe. When conducting pharyngoscopy, hyperemia and an increase in the size of the tonsils, the presence of islands of yellowish-white plaque are detected.

Treatment of angina In angina, local and general therapy is shown, as well as compliance with a sparing regimen by the child..

For moderate to severe bacterial tonsillitis, antibiotics are first-line drugs Antibacterial agents are first-line drugs. Without their use, acute tonsillitis of bacterial origin cannot be quickly cured.. Moreover, therapy without the use of such drugs increases the risk of complications.. Prior to their appointment, a test to confirm the presence of bacterial agents should be carried out.. However, there are cases when the use of such means can be started without analysis, namely:.

moderate or severe pathology;

test results will be received only after 72 hours or more;

further medical observation of the patient will be difficult.

The period from 5 to 7 years is characterized by the highest infectious incidence. In children after 9 years, and sometimes after 8 years, the age-related involution of lymphoid tissue begins, and acute tonsillitis does not occur so often..

You can give your child antibiotics only as prescribed by the doctor and in accordance with the scheme prescribed by him.. It is not recommended to choose such drugs on your own, since only the ENT can set the daily dose in accordance with the child's age and body weight and determine how many days to take the medicine..

A well-chosen antibiotic therapy should follow goals such as:.

elimination of bacteria;

reducing the period of contagiousness to eliminate the risk of transmission of infection to others through close contact;

preventing potential complications;

rapid relief of manifestations of pathology and acceleration of the recovery process.

For children under 4 years of age, antibiotics are most often prescribed in the form of a suspension In children under 4 years of age, it is preferable to use antibacterial drugs in the form of granules or powder, from which the suspension is prepared, due to the complexity of the dosage and possible difficulty in swallowing capsules or tablets.

It should be taken into account that if antibiotics are stopped early, the risk of complications increases.. It is important to complete the course prescribed by the doctor to the end, even if there is an improvement in the patient's condition after the first days of taking the drug..

Effective antibiotics for angina in children: names of drugs, treatment regimen Benzylpenicillin The drug is available in the form of a powder for preparing a solution for intramuscular or subcutaneous administration. Refers to the old (first) penicillin antibiotics.

Benzylpenicillin is an antibiotic of the group of biosynthetic penicillins that have a bactericidal effect. The route of administration for acute tonsillitis is intramuscular. Immediately before use, the powder is dissolved in water for injection, 0.9% sodium chloride solution or 0.5% procaine solution.. The drug can be used in children of all age groups, including up to 1 year.

The duration of therapy varies from 7 to 10 days, depending on the form and severity of the sore throat..

Flemoxin Solutab is an acid-resistant broad-spectrum antibiotic from the group of semi-synthetic penicillins in the form of dispersible tablets.. The dose of the drug and the frequency of its administration is set individually, depending on the age of the patient..

With mild and moderate pathology, the duration of the course is 5–7 days, and if the causative agent is pyogenic streptococcus, at least 10 days. It is recommended to continue taking the tablets for 48 hours after the disappearance of signs of the disease..

Flemoxin Solutab is one of the commonly prescribed antibiotics for acute tonsillitis. Hiconcil is a broad-spectrum penicillin antibiotic, available in powder form for oral suspension.. Immediately before use, it is diluted in boiled water at room temperature.. Ready suspension is taken before or after meals.. The dose for children is set depending on body weight.

Clarithromycin Clarithromycin is a macrolide film-coated tablet.. For use in children over 12 years of age.

The course of therapy for angina is 10 days.

Clarithromycin belongs to the group of macrolides, is prescribed for children over 12 years old Azithromycin The drug belongs to the group of macrolides. In acute tonsillitis, it is used in film-coated tablets. At a dosage of 125 mg is contraindicated in children under 3 years of age, 250 and 500 mg - under 12 years old, including 11 years old. Tablets are taken orally 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals..

Rovamycin is a drug from the group of macrolides, available in the form of film-coated tablets.. For use in children over 6 years of age.

Amoxicillin is a semi-synthetic penicillin in granules for oral suspension.. Can be used in children of all age groups, including newborns.

Amoxicillin can be used in children of all ages, including. in newborns The dose of the drug and the frequency of its administration depend on the age of the patient. So, for example, in children aged 3 months to 10 years, it is recommended to take granules 3 times a day, up to 3 months - 2 times a day..

To prepare a suspension, water is added to the granules.. Ready product can be stored in the refrigerator for 2 weeks.. The duration of therapy varies from 5 to 12 days..

Phenoxymethylpenicillin is a biosynthetic penicillin used in acute tonsillitis in powder form for oral suspension and tablets.. The powder is prescribed for children aged 3 months, tablets - older than 3 years.

Ready suspension children aged 5 years should take every 6-8 hours, up to 5 years - every 6 hours. The average duration of treatment is 7-10 days..

HemomycinMacrolide antibiotic, azalide. In children with acute tonsillitis, it is used as a powder for the preparation of a suspension taken orally.. The drug is not used in patients under the age of 1 year.

To prepare a suspension, distilled or boiled chilled water is added to the powder.. The dose is set depending on the weight of the child.

Hemomycin in the form of a suspension is prescribed for children from 1 year of age. Sumamed is one of the azalides with a wide spectrum of antimicrobial action, it is available in three dosage forms - coated tablets, capsules, powder for oral suspension preparation.

In children over the age of 6 months, tablets and a suspension prepared from a powder can be used..

The drug Sumamed has a wide spectrum of action and is effective in the treatment of angina Local therapy Along with antibiotics for acute tonsillitis, local treatment is recommended. Gargling of the throat with Furacilin, Miramistin, decoctions of chamomile and sage, saline and soda solutions can be carried out. The temperature of the liquids used should be in the range from 40 to 50 ° C, the procedures should be carried out 4-6 times a day. Regular gargles have a good effect - reduce sore throat and make it easier to swallow food or water..

In addition to antibiotic therapy, local treatment is carried out. To reduce the severity of acute sore throat, lozenges or lozenges can also be used, oral irrigation can be carried out using sprays or aerosols with anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effects, namely:.

Strepsils: an antiseptic drug in lozenges intended for use in patients aged 6 years and over. In children with hereditary fructose intolerance and malabsorption syndrome of glucose-galactose or sucrose-isomaltose, its administration is contraindicated;

Lizobakt: combined antiseptic in lozenges. Contraindicated in children under 3 years of age, as well as in the presence of lactase deficiency, lactose intolerance or glucose-galactose malabsorption. When combined with antibacterial drugs, Lizobakt enhances their effect.;

Grammidin for children: a combination drug with antiseptic and antimicrobial properties. Available in two forms - metered spray for topical use and lozenges. After eating, the spray is sprayed onto the mucous membrane of the throat and oral cavity, it is prescribed for children over 6 years old.. Tablets can be used in patients over the age of 4 years;

Ingalipt: an antimicrobial spray or aerosol used in children over 3 years of age. Irrigation of the throat is carried out after preliminary rinsing of the oral cavity with boiled water 3-4 times a day..

These drugs should not be used as an alternative to the main treatment, they should only be used as an adjunct to antibiotics.. In the acute period, when the temperature rises to 38 ° C and with severe pain, on the recommendation of a doctor, antipyretics and painkillers can be used..

Along with antibiotics, topical treatment is recommended for acute tonsillitis.. Gargling of the throat with Furacilin, Miramistin, decoctions of chamomile and sage, saline and soda solutions can be carried out.

In severe cases of acute tonsillitis, treatment should be carried out in an infectious diseases hospital.. Antibacterial drugs in such cases are administered parenterally.

Indicators of stopping the manifestations of angina in children is the absence of sore throat, normalization of body temperature, the size of the tonsils and maxillary lymph nodes.. Also, the results of the analysis of blood and urine testify to the recovery, the indicators of which are within the normal range..

Features of caring for a sick child On the first day of the acute period of pathology, until the body temperature normalizes, bed rest is recommended. Dr. Komarovsky emphasizes that one should not limit any activity of children during this period and force them to lie motionless in bed. The main thing is to focus on the desire of the child himself and his general condition..

During the period of acute angina, in the absence of appetite, it is not recommended to force the child to eat. The same approach is recommended for food - it should be taken only if there is an appetite. Preference should be given to vegetable and dairy foods, as well as soft, warm and mild dishes - broths and mashed potatoes.. Of great importance is a plentiful warm drink - tea, dried fruit compote, mineral water.

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