Cyst of the spermatic cord (funiculocele) - the accumulation of serous fluid in the space between the sheets of the own membrane of the spermatic cord. Accurate statistical data on the prevalence of this pathology are not available, since it is often asymptomatic and is detected by chance during a patient examination for some other reason or during a preventive examination..

A cyst of the spermatic cord, or funiculocele, in most cases does not require treatment. General information The spermatic cord is a paired anatomical formation located in the inguinal canal. It performs the functions of a sperm duct and provides a mechanical " In an adult male reaches a length of 20 cm.

The cyst of the spermatic cord is a certain volume of fluid encapsulated in the connective tissue membrane. Funiculocele is characterized by the presence of thin walls. The internal cavity of the neoplasm is lined with squamous stratified epithelium. The transudate has a relative density of 1.020-1.023. It contains protein (no more than 2%) and an admixture of male germ cells (formed spermatozoa, immature spermatocytes).

Cyst growth is noted during puberty or against the background of venous congestion in the pelvic organs.

Causes and forms of the disease. The differences between them are presented in the table:.

Funicular form.

Development mechanism.

Congenital.

Their development is due to an anomaly in the development of the tissues of the genitourinary system, namely, the incomplete overgrowth of the mucous membrane of the hole through which the testicle and the spermatic cord descend into the scrotum.. As a result, a cavity is formed, which is gradually filled with a clear liquid that does not contain germ cells.. Sometimes congenital funiculocele is combined with other malformations of the organs of the urogenital tract..

Acquired.

The reasons for their appearance are injuries or infectious and inflammatory diseases (deferentitis, epididymitis, orchitis, funiculitis) of the genitourinary system.. Swelling or damage to the duct of the spermatic cord leads to the accumulation of seminal fluid and the formation of a protrusion (diverticulum).

Congenital funiculocele are divided into two types:.

Communicating. The proximal part of the vaginal peritoneum remains intact, as a result, the cystic cavity communicates with the abdominal cavity.

Isolated (not communicating). In this case, after the formation of a cyst, a complete infection of the peritoneal leaf occurs..

Depending on the number of cavities formed by the internal partitions, the funicular cell can be multi-chamber or single-chamber..

The cyst of the spermatic cord in children is more often a congenital pathology, and found in adults - acquired.

Symptoms In most cases, the funiculocele proceeds without any clinical symptoms and is detected by chance on palpation of the scrotum by a urologist (andrologist) or by the patient himself in the form of a small rounded formation in the scrotum.

If the walls of the cyst are soldered to the branches of the spermatic nerve, then the patient experiences constant aching and pulling pains, which intensify at the time of physical activity..

DiagnosisDiagnosis of funiculocele usually does not cause difficulties and is based on the data of scrotal palpation and ultrasound. Signs of a cyst on palpation are:.

the presence of a mass formation of an ovoid or rounded shape, not associated with the epididymis and testis;

sensation of fluctuation on palpation;

dilatation of the veins of the spermatic cord (not always).

In an ultrasound examination of the scrotum, a neoplasm is defined as a volumetric liquid formation of an oval or spherical shape..

As an auxiliary diagnostic method, diaphanoscopy can be used - transillumination of the scrotal tissues with a narrow beam of bright light.

Differential diagnosis of funiculocele is carried out with the following diseases:.

inguinal hernia;

spermatogenic granuloma;

tumors of the spermatic cord;

spermatocele;

hydrocele;

funiculitis.

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