Let us now recall one more member of this " Hepatitis A. He is Botkin's disease. He is jaundice. He is also a disease of dirty hands.. In fact, it is considered the most harmless of the entire group of viral hepatitis.. But sometimes this disease demonstrates a very, very cool character..

Our country belongs to the territories with an average prevalence of viral hepatitis, A (about 80-150 only registered cases per 100 thousand. population). Although in some regions the indicators simply go off scale (for example, in a number of Caucasian republics, the Far Eastern District, Eastern Siberia).

Complications are possible This disease is very common: today it is in third place after acute viral and acute intestinal infections.. Approximately 1.4 million cases of morbidity are registered annually in the world. And this disease is highly contagious.. But, fortunately, compared with other hepatitis, the consequences of jaundice are not so terrible - in most patients, within a year after recovery, liver functions are completely restored, and a stable lifelong immunity is formed.. But if hepatitis A is superimposed on other diseases, primarily chronic liver damage, such as hepatitis B, then the disease can end fatally..

The disease is especially dangerous for the elderly and debilitated people.. Fortunately, children most often carry this infection quite easily.. But they are not guaranteed against the development of complications, such as cholecystitis, dyskinesia, chronic pancreatitis.. Suffer and immunity.

Wash your hands before eating Jaundice is easy to catch, the easiest way to transmit it: oral-fecal, in other words, through dirty hands. Also, the virus can be found in food and water (especially if the water pipes are worn out, as is often the case with us). To protect yourself and your children from Botkin's disease:.

-Never drink raw water (including tap water, as the virus is resistant to chlorine).

- Fruits and vegetables not only wash, but also pour over boiled water.

- Boil and fry meat and fish well.

-Wash dishes thoroughly.

- Do not forget to wash your hands with soap and water every time after using the toilet and when you come home from the street and teach children to do this.

- Closely monitor the kids, especially when walking, so that they do not pick up anything on the street and, God forbid, do not drag it into their mouths.

However, clean people can also get hepatitis A. According to statistics, this is the most common infectious disease of travelers.. Especially often tourists bring this "

And how are they Do not think that hepatitis A is a disease of the poor. Even among five-star hotel guests, the incidence of this disease reaches 3 cases per 1000 people for each month of stay.. This disease is being fought all over the world.. And the most reliable means of struggle is vaccination.. So, in Israel, where since 1999 all children are vaccinated at 18 and 24 months. Since then, the incidence rate of hepatitis A in this country has decreased by 50 times! In the US, all children aged 12-23 months have been vaccinated since 2006, and they continue to do so even now at low incidence rates..

Penetrating into the intestines, hepatitis A viruses, together with the blood, enter the liver and invade its cells - hepatocytes. There they begin to multiply intensively, and then enter the bile ducts and are excreted with bile into the intestines.. Cells of the immune system - T-lymphocytes - recognize virus-affected hepatocytes and, mistaking them for aliens, attack them. This leads to the development of inflammation (hepatitis) and impaired liver function..

Acute viral hepatitis can occur in different ways: sometimes asymptomatic, sometimes very severe. Frequency and severity of symptoms increase with age. The most common manifestations of the disease are nausea, weakness, fever, pain in the right hypochondrium, yellowing of the whites of the eyes, liver enlargement, indigestion, discolored stools, dark urine (color of beer). Patients turn yellow from the fact that the bile produced in the liver, instead of providing the process of digestion, enters the blood and urine.. Feces devoid of bile, on the contrary, become colorless.

The blood test is the most important. Usually, with the appearance of jaundice, the disease subsides, from this moment the patient is no longer contagious.. In children, the disease often occurs in an anicteric form.. In this regard, there is a danger of overlooking the disease, confusing it, for example, with the flu.. And giving flu medicine for hepatitis is a double burden on an already diseased liver.. Therefore, when appropriate symptoms appear, it is better to take tests..

It makes sense to immediately examine the blood, because urinalysis (especially in the anicteric form of the disease) is not informative enough. The disease is indicated by an increase in the blood of bilirubin and liver enzymes.. The final diagnosis can be established by serological methods (blood test for anti-HAV IgG IgM), a special enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of blood serum allows you to identify the disease from the very first days of infection and then within six months.

In the treatment of severe forms of the disease, patients are usually prescribed droppers to neutralize the toxic effect of the virus on the liver..

But most of the time, there is no need for hospitalization.. The treatment is not aimed at fighting viruses (the immune system itself can handle this), but at removing toxins from the body.. And for this, patients need bed rest, diet and intake of mineral water, vitamins C, B and lipoic acid.. Sometimes choleretic drugs are prescribed.

To inject and forget A patient with hepatitis, And a person in an acute period is a great danger to others. If someone in the house is ill with jaundice, then his relatives can use a special drug - immunoglobulin. The drug is administered immediately before a possible infection or within 2 weeks after it.. This method will either prevent infection or protect against the development of the disease..

But the most reliable way to prevent this disaster is only vaccination.. Today, vaccination of children against hepatitis A is provided for by the regional calendars of preventive vaccinations in Moscow and the Sverdlovsk region, which has already shown the obvious effectiveness of this measure.. For example, in the Sverdlovsk region, where there was a very high incidence rate, today it has dropped to the European. And in Moscow, this level is more than 2 times lower than the average for the Russian Federation.

Acute period - 5 weeks In the acute period of the disease and beyond (ideally within 5 weeks), it is important to follow a diet. As a rule, patients with hepatitis A are recommended treatment table No. 5 - a diet developed by Dr. M. Pevzner. It provides nutrition with a full calorie content, but with a restriction in fats and cholesterol-containing foods.. No fried foods, but lots of fruits and vegetables.

Allowed products: bread made from wholemeal flour, dry lean flour products lean soups in vegetable broth, with cereals and pasta lean meat, fish egg whites lean dairy and sour-milk products potatoes, carrots, beets (boiled or fresh) cereals,.

Prohibited foods: any fried foods canned food spicy, spices, spices egg yolks beans, radishes, turnips strong and fatty broths carbonated drinks alcohol.

Quite effective vaccines have been created today. They contain killed hepatitis A viruses. They are administered twice with an interval of 6-12 or 18 months.. After the first dose, antibodies to the hepatitis A virus usually appear after 2 weeks. Duration of protection - at least 10 years. There are only two absolute contraindications against vaccinations: a severe allergic reaction to a previous administration and an immunodeficiency state. But there are also relative contraindications, in which the vaccination should be postponed for some time.. These include: fever, acute or chronic progressive disease, hypersensitivity to any component of the vaccine.

After vaccination, a person may experience side effects. For example, such as local reactions (minor and short-term soreness, redness and induration at the injection site). General reactions can also be observed: a slight increase in temperature, weakness, headache, stool disorders.

PS: So the slogan is: \! "

Better wash your hands before eating than suffer from jaundice....

nedug. en.