The muscle spasm that occurs when blocking is associated precisely with the joint, as reported by the Internet publication for girls and women from 14 to 35 years old Pannochka. net A study by chiropractors of patients who were to be operated on (for very different reasons) under general anesthesia with artificial lung ventilation, allowed ten of them to establish a blockage in the cervical spine.

During anesthesia with a complete shutdown of all muscles, blocking did not change and even manifested itself even more, since the patients were in a state of complete relaxation..

Manual therapy deals primarily with blockage - a violation of normal mobility - of the spine and joints of the limbs and head. With a functional block, that is, a reversible, treatable limitation of joint mobility, its work is disrupted due to the reflex response of the central nervous system to pain and due to spasm of the muscles surrounding the diseased joint.

The causes of blockage in the spine can be:.

Overload and abnormal load of the musculoskeletal system. Mild blockage occurs after sitting for a long time, working in an uncomfortable position, and even after sleeping. To eliminate such initial manifestations of blocking, it is enough to stretch and move.. There is a gradual transition between this light blocking and traumatic overload followed by hard blocking.. The overload of the musculoskeletal system is facilitated by the hard work of untrained muscles, poor posture, long-term performance of monotonous movements, static loads, for example, when working in a forced position (squatting, with outstretched arms, with a torso tilt, etc.)..

Trauma - a violation of the function or structure of a joint or segment of the spine as a result of a short-term external mechanical impact. The cervical and lower lumbar spine are especially poorly protected from injury.. For example, a neck injury can occur to the driver and passengers during sudden braking of the car..

Reflex processes. The spine is constantly involved in all painful processes in the body.. Blockage of the joints of the spine may occur in response to diseases of the internal organs. Primary disorders lead to irritation in the segment of the spinal cord and cause spasm in the corresponding area of \u200b\u200bthe muscles surrounding the spine, especially in the deep layers. The motor segment of the spine is fixed by the muscles, and prolonged immobility of the segment causes blocking.

Blockage elsewhere in the spine is a common cause of blockage. With the development of a block in one segment of the spine, neighboring segments become hypermobile (too mobile) to ensure normal body mobility, which leads to trauma to the surrounding soft tissues, protective muscle tension and blockage in the new segment and the spread of the pathological process, including to distant areas..

In blocking, the main role belongs to diseases of the spine, primarily osteochondrosis.

Syndromes of osteochondrosis at the cervical level.

Syndromes associated with disorders of nerve and muscle tone.

Neck lumbago and cervicalgia (neck pain) This disorder is characterized by acute, paroxysmal pain in the depths of the neck, often radiating to the back of the head, scapular and subscapular region. Pain is aggravated by coughing, sneezing, swallowing. When pressed, there is a sharp pain in the spinous processes of the vertebrae and in the lower cervical intervertebral discs..

Pain syndrome with advanced cervical osteochondrosis can cause contracture (sustained contraction) of the cervical muscles, a sharp restriction of movements in the neck, a forced position of the head. Cervical lordosis straightened compared to normal. There is subacute or chronic pain in the neck.

Cervicocranialgia (posterior cervical sympathetic syndrome, cervical migraine, vertebral artery syndrome) Translated from Latin, cervicocranialgia is pain in the neck and head. Its main cause is arthrosis of the articulation of the occipital bone and the first cervical vertebra.. Manifested in the form of headaches and disorders of the vestibular apparatus. Pain from the back of the head spreads to the parietal-temporal region, mainly on one side. Headaches are often combined with pain in the neck, accompanied by dizziness, nausea, vomiting, ringing and noise in the ear.

Cardiac syndrome Manifested by prolonged, less often paroxysmal pain in the region of the heart or behind the sternum. Pain in the region of the heart is most often preceded by pain in the shoulder girdle and interscapular region. Pain in the heart associated with the position of the head. They are localized in the region of the apex of the heart, while there are no deviations on the ECG (non-sharp changes are recorded outside of attacks).

Pain is prolonged (from 15-20 minutes to several hours), unlike pain in angina pectoris, it is not relieved by nitroglycerin. Neurological manifestations of cervical osteochondrosis can be provoked by sudden movements in the cervical spine and hand.

Posterior cervical sympathetic syndrome Manifested by bouts of headaches in the back of the head, radiating throughout the head and back of the neck. Attacks are sometimes accompanied by visual disturbances (flashes of light in the eyes, blurred vision, narrowing of visual fields, etc.).. ), hearing loss.

Scalenus anterior syndrome Develops due to compression of the lower trunk of the brachial plexus and subclavian artery, often due to spasm of the scalene muscle. The pain spreads along the inner surface of the shoulder, forearm, hand to the ring finger and little finger, intensifies at night. Sometimes the pain radiates to the back of the head, axillary region, chest. Sensory disturbances may be noted on the inner surface of the forearm and hand.

There is swelling and soreness of the supraclavicular fossa, thickening and soreness of the anterior scalene muscle, weakness of the muscles of the arm. With a long course of the disease, there is a decrease in the volume of the “venus tubercle” (muscles on the inside of the palm at the base of the thumb), circulatory disorders and innervation of the tissues of the hand, manifested in the form of coldness, cyanosis, swelling, brittle nails, osteoporosis (loss of calcium salts) in.

Shoulder-scapular periarthrosis syndrome Manifested by disorders of the nervous regulation of vascular tone, changes in muscle tone and impaired muscle innervation in the area of \u200b\u200bthe shoulder joint. Muscle contracture and pain in the shoulder joint. Pain is given to the neck and arm, appear or intensify more often at night. It is painful to move the arm to the side and lay it behind the back, especially painful points are located at the points of attachment of the tendons and ligaments to the bone protrusions.

With a long course of the disease, in advanced cases, due to the progression of contracture, the shoulder is pressed against the chest, shoulder abduction becomes limited, there is a decrease in the volume of the deltoid, supraspinatus, infraspinatus and subscapularis muscles.

Shoulder-hand syndrome Characterized by impaired functioning of blood vessels and nervous regulation of the muscles of the hand. Often associated with symptoms of humeroscapular periarthrosis. The pain is localized in the muscles, periosteum, is not relieved by painkillers. Pain in the hand area occurs simultaneously with pain in the shoulder due to swelling on the skin of the hand, wrinkles do not form.

Painful stiffness of the shoulder joint develops first, then the hand and fingers. In severe and prolonged course of the disease, spasm and shortening of the muscles of the shoulder, wrist joints, then the hand and fingers develop, trophic disorders, a progressive decrease in the temperature of the skin of the hand, signs of osteoporosis of the bones of the shoulder and hand.

Syndrome of epicondylosis of the shoulder - violations in the epicondyles of the shoulder (tubercles on the outer and inner surfaces of the elbow joint), phenomena of periarthrosis of the elbow joint. The disease is manifested by unexpected pain in the elbow joint, especially the internal and external epicondyles of the shoulder.. The pain intensifies during sudden movements in the elbow joint and hand, as well as when the arm is moved behind the back.. There may be a decrease in sensitivity in the area of \u200b\u200b\\u200b\\u200bthe hand, weakness of the muscles of the hand.

Radicular syndromes.

With inflammation of the roots of the spinal nerves of the cervical region, unilateral or bilateral pain syndrome occurs more often in one motor segment. The roots of the lower cervical region are more often subjected to compression (between the fifth - sixth and sixth - seventh cervical vertebrae). Lesions of two or more segments of the spine occur mainly as a result of the spread of the inflammatory process to adjacent intervertebral discs and the surrounding ligaments and articular bags.

Pain is a constant component of the complex of symptoms of root damage.. Radicular syndromes are characterized by extensive areas of pain and sensitivity disorders, movement disorders. Radicular syndromes form the basis of vertebrogenic (associated with disorders in the spine) cervical and cervico-shoulder radiculitis.

The radicular syndrome of the segment of the second-third cervical vertebrae is characterized by pain in the half of the neck from the side of compression, a feeling of swelling of the tongue, difficulty in moving food in the mouth, and a decrease in skin sensitivity in the C3 dermatome..

Radicular syndrome of the segment of the third-fourth cervical vertebrae is characterized by pain in the upper part of the shoulder, collarbone; there may be signs of atrophy and a decrease in the tone of the muscles of the back of the neck, hiccups, difficulty swallowing. Sometimes there are speech disorders (loss of sonority of the voice while maintaining the ability to speak in a whisper).

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