" In fact, AT-TPO is an abbreviation that stands for " This is the name of autoaggressive antibodies directed against thyroid peroxidase, an enzyme that is expressed mainly in the thyroid gland and plays a key role in the formation of the hormones thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), which are responsible for various metabolic processes in the human body, according to the Internet publication for. net The level of antibodies to thyroid peroxidase is an indicator that reflects the secretory function of the thyroid gland. When the immune system malfunctions, peroxidase can be perceived by the body as a foreign substance (antigen), which means that antibodies begin to be produced against it (an autoimmune reaction of the body), with which the immune system tries to destroy it. As a result, the synthesis of thyroid hormones is disrupted.. This can cause the development of diffuse toxic goiter, Hashimoto's thyroiditis and a number of other conditions in which there is an increase or decrease in thyroid function..

Conditions in which anti-TPOV is produced in the first place, an increase in antibodies to peroxidase is considered as an autoimmune lesion of the thyroid gland. An increase in this indicator is observed in approximately 95% of patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis and in 85% of patients with diffuse toxic goiter, as well as in 15-20% of cases of non-autoimmune thyroid pathologies (including if the patient has thyroid tumors).

However, antibodies to thyroperoxidase are not strictly specific for thyroid diseases, and their increase can be observed in rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus and other autoimmune diseases.. A large number of antibodies can be detected with irradiation of the head and neck, chronic renal failure, and also with a viral infection..

An elevated level of antibodies to thyroid peroxidase in women can be determined during pregnancy, with spontaneous abortion, complicated childbirth, and also in the postpartum period..

Clinical signs An increase in anti-TPO and its decrease is clinically manifested by a change in the concentration of thyroid hormones in the blood.

Increasing the level of thyroid hormones.

Decreased levels of thyroid hormones.

Increase in body temperature.

Decrease in body temperature.

bulging eyes.

Fear of cold.

Sudden weight loss.

Weight gain.

High blood pressure, heart problems.

puffiness.

Decreased bone strength, hair loss.

Brittle nails, dry skin, hair loss.

Mood swings, irritability, insomnia.

Tendency to depression, weakness, increased fatigue.

Menstrual irregularity.

Menstrual irregularity.

Cognitive decline.

Cognitive decline.

DiagnosisIndications for the studyA blood test for Ab-TPO is done for disorders of the thyroid gland, mainly to exclude or confirm an autoimmune lesion, as well as to monitor the effectiveness of the therapy. Usually this analysis is prescribed in conjunction with the determination of the concentration of TSH hormones (thyroid-stimulating hormone), T3, T4 and some other indicators..

If the level of anti-TPO is very high, in addition to the thyroid gland, an examination of the musculoskeletal system may be required. For this purpose, ultrasound, radioisotope research, etc..

Indications for the determination of antibodies to thyroid peroxidase are:.

hyperthyroidism;

hypothyroidism;

Hashimoto's thyroiditis (autoimmune thyroiditis);

diffuse toxic goiter (Graves' disease, Graves' disease);

disorders of the thyroid gland after childbirth, surgery, trauma;

diabetes;

anemia;

exophthalmos;

swelling of the lower extremities.

The need for analysis in pregnant women and in the postpartum period It may be necessary to determine Ab-TPO during a comprehensive examination of pregnant women. The development of hypothyroidism in a woman during childbearing threatens with the occurrence of pathologies of fetal development, complications during pregnancy, negative consequences for the woman's health, so this condition must either be excluded or corrected. The analysis is also carried out in case of spontaneous abortion in the first trimester. Approximately 10% of women develop thyroiditis in the postpartum period. Suspicion of him is also a reason for the appointment of a study..

Preparation for the studyTo conduct an analysis for antibodies to thyroperoxidase, you need to properly prepare:.

A month before the proposed blood donation, after consulting a doctor, the use of hormonal drugs (including oral contraceptives) should be excluded..

3 days before the analysis, stop using medicines that contain iodine (only after discussion with your doctor), and also do not drink alcohol.

The day before taking blood, it is necessary to exclude intense physical activity, smoking, limit stressful situations that can increase the value of the indicator being determined..

Sleep well before exam.

Blood sampling should be done in the morning on an empty stomach, after the last meal should be at least 8 hours.

Norms of antibodies to thyroid peroxidase The norm of AT-TPO in women and men is the same and is \u003c35 U / ml.

For women, given the physiological characteristics of the body, a slightly higher content of antibodies in the blood is acceptable, especially in the age group over 50 years.

When determining the concentration of antibodies to thyroid peroxidase, it is necessary to take into account the presence of concomitant diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, which can affect the indicators.

Different laboratories may use different research methods, norms and units of measurement. The interpretation of the result of the analysis should be carried out by a doctor.

The results of the analysis must be provided to the doctor, you should not decipher them yourself.? The treatment regimen for an elevated level of AT-TPO is selected by the doctor depending on the cause of the deviation..

Medical treatment1. With insufficient production of thyroid hormones, patients are prescribed hormone replacement therapy..

With elevated values \u200b\u200bof hormonal parameters - on the contrary, thyreostatic drugs that suppress the secretory activity of the thyroid gland.

To reduce the activity of the autoimmune process, the patient is prescribed antihistamines, glucocorticosteroids.

Inflammation can be treated with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.

Symptomatic therapy is carried out with the help of antihypertensive drugs, beta-blockers, etc..

Diet therapy Patients with hyperthyroidism are shown to follow a diet, while strong tea and coffee, spicy, fried foods should be excluded from the diet. More foods rich in vitamins and minerals are added to the menu (vegetables, fruits, lactic acid products).

Preventive measures In order to prevent the development of abnormalities associated with thyroid function, it is recommended:.

rejection of bad habits;

balanced diet;

adherence to an adequate regime of work and rest, a good night's sleep;

avoidance of physical and mental overload;

for persons at risk - regular preventive medical examinations (at least once a year).

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