Bruising of the nose is one of the types of injury, along with wounds and fractures.. It is one of the most frequent injuries of the upper respiratory tract, due to the location of this organ.. In most cases, young men (up to 30 years) go to the hospital for such an injury.. A direct bruise is noted in 20% of all calls, in combination with a fracture - in about 69%, according to the Internet publication for girls and women from 14 to 35 years old Pannochka. net A nose bruise is one of the most common injuries. If you bruise your nose, the most commonly affected are: nasal septum, cartilage and bones. Rarely, but there is a rupture of the wings of the organ and the separation of its tip. The severity of damage is influenced by several factors: age, impact force and bone strength..

Bruising of the nose with a fracture of its bone skeleton is not accompanied. Despite this, it must be remembered that an injury to this area is always a head injury, which can cause a concussion and lead to other serious consequences..

The most common complication is the deformity of the external nose, which is characterized by a violation of its shape and structure, affecting the bone, cartilage and / or soft tissues..

Causes of injury The main causes of injury include:.

The reasons.

Description.

Blunt hit.

Usually occurs during sports, as a result of fights and traffic accidents.

Falls.

Most common in children.

Types of bruises of the bridge of the nose Lateral injuries If the blow is delivered from the side, the edge of the nasal bone is injured and the nasofrontal articulation is disturbed, due to which the nose moves to the side. Possible flattening, retraction of the nasal bones and back of the nose.

With a lateral injury, a curvature of the nasal septum may occur. With a decrease in the arch of the nose and indentation of the nasal bone, deformation of the bone part of the nasal septum is observed.. Also possible:.

dislocation of the quadrangular cartilage from the notch in the vomer;

convex on one side and concave on the other.

Unlike adults, if you get injured at an early age, then as you grow, the deformation of the bones and cartilages of the nose increases, which necessitates timely treatment..

Anterior injuries If the traumatic force was directed from the front to the lower part of the nose, damage to the cartilage occurs. The cartilaginous part may not be deformed, since it has greater elasticity..

Often, due to post-traumatic perichondritis, there are cases of drooping of the tip of the nose..

Injuries in children A characteristic feature of bruises in children is the separation of the sutures, since in childhood the bone sutures are less resistant.

If there is a simultaneous injury to the nose and paranasal sinuses, the olfactory analyzer may suffer due to compression of the olfactory filaments. Olfactory impairment can also occur as a result of hemorrhages, which lead to the formation of scars that compress the olfactory filaments..

Symptoms Most often, a bruise is manifested by pain, bleeding and swelling of the soft tissues of the injured area, in the case of the formation of a hematoma of the septum - difficulty in nasal breathing and impaired sense of smell. The main symptoms of a bruise: nosebleeds, hemorrhage in the eyelids. Possible fever, headache, swelling of the tissues of the entire face.

Olfactory impairment is more pronounced in cases where nasal breathing is difficult or the olfactory gap closes.. The complete absence of smell or its decrease is more often noted on the side of the injury.. In the absence of serious bone injury, this disorder usually resolves on its own..

In case of signs of concussion (in the form of loss of consciousness at the time of injury, nausea, vomiting, headache), immediate medical attention is required.

It is important to remember that the signs of a simple bruised bridge of the nose have similar symptoms to a fracture.. To distinguish them and determine what to do and how to properly treat, you need to see a doctor..

Diagnosis The doctor evaluates the patient's complaints, examines and palpates the organ. Attention is paid to the shape and appearance of the bridge of the nose, an open wound, the presence of bleeding, hemorrhages in the soft tissues of the nose, tissue of the eyelids, infraorbital region, conjunctiva of the eyeball.

X-ray may be required to clarify the diagnosis. When assessing the general condition, it is necessary to determine the neurological status and the amount of blood loss.. To exclude a fracture or determine its localization, an X-ray of the bones of the organ is performed in the lateral and, possibly, direct projection.

In young children, the interpretation of X-ray data is difficult, since their facial bones are thin, not completely calcified and give a mild radiopaque shadow, on which an intense shadow of the tooth germs and teeth is superimposed..

With a closed injury, the diagnosis is complicated by tissue edema. If it is necessary to clarify the diagnosis, CT (computed tomography) of the bones and paranasal sinuses may be required.

First Aid In case of an uncomplicated bruise, emergency assistance to the victim can be provided at home.. Cold is applied to the injured area, if the skin is damaged, they are washed with soap and water..

It is important to know how to properly stop nosebleeds. If blood flows, the wound should be pressed for 3-5 minutes with a swab with hydrogen peroxide. To stop nosebleeds, you should lightly press the wings against the septum for 3-5 minutes with your index and thumb. In this case, it is necessary to breathe through the mouth and slightly tilt the head forward..

You can also pack the nasal passage with a tight cotton or gauze swab lightly moistened with cold water or hydrogen peroxide.. To make sure that bleeding does not occur inside the nasopharynx, it is necessary to examine the pharynx or spit saliva.

Patients who are in a state of shock, especially if there are suspicions of serious damage to the skull, should be created conditions for maximum rest.. According to the indications, supportive measures are taken, painkillers and heart drugs are used..

What to do if you suspect a fracture of the bridge of the nose or a combined injury If you suspect a fracture of the bones of the nose or nasal septum, you should contact a specialized clinic as soon as possible. In this case, you should pay attention to the following symptoms:.

profuse bleeding: possible in case of damage to the nasal mucosa in combination with fractures;

secretion of cerebrospinal fluid: observed with the destruction of the ethmoid bone adjacent to the upper nasal passages;

lacrimation: characteristic of a combined injury of the orbit and lacrimal ducts.

TreatmentStarting from the third day after the injury, warming up can be carried out using a heating pad, a warming patch. Physiotherapy warming treatments may be prescribed. Their action is aimed at removing edema and improving blood circulation..

For treatment, vasoconstrictor drops are used. The use of local vasoconstrictor drugs in the form of drops is shown.. To prevent the development of inflammation, ointments with anti-inflammatory action can be used..

In case of severe bruising of the bridge of the nose, especially with associated trauma, inability to stop bleeding or severe lacrimation, hospitalization may be required.

ComplicationsSwelling of the nasal mucosa that occurs after a bruise leads to a slight difficulty in breathing. If the violation is expressed sharply, this may indicate a hematoma of the nasal septum.

After a nose bridge injury in children, it is important to consult a doctor to avoid consequences. If the diameter of the nasal passages changes as a result of a bruise, persistent vasomotor rhinitis may develop.. With a narrowing of only one stroke, the brain sends a signal about a violation similar to an inflammatory process in this area. As a result, a reflex secretion of a mucous fluid similar to a runny nose occurs.. In such cases, surgical correction may be required..

After a nose bridge injury in childhood, deformation of the external nose, deviated nasal septum is possible.. It is important to understand that this is not only a cosmetic defect, since damage can lead to respiratory failure and other serious consequences..

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