A prostate cyst is an encapsulated, fluid-filled, hollow mass located in the prostate.. According to statistics, every fifth man over the age of 40 is affected by this pathology, according to Pannochka, an online publication for girls and women aged 14 to 35.. net Often, a prostate cyst is discovered by chance during an examination for another reason Causes and risk factors Congenital cystic formations occur in the presence of certain intrauterine developmental disorders. Acquired cysts occur against the background of a number of diseases and adverse effects on the body of the external environment..

The immediate causes of acquired formations are:.

violation of the outflow of secretion produced by the prostate gland;

excessive secretion.

Predisposing factors:.

untreated prostatitis;

prostate tumors (benign prostatic hyperplasia);

irregular sex life;

too frequent sexual intercourse;

frequent hypothermia of the body;

alcohol abuse, smoking;

excessive physical activity;

frequent stressful situations, overwork, lack of sleep;

work related to the impact of vibration on the body;

malnutrition;

genital trauma;

congestion in the pelvic organs;

surgical interventions on the prostate gland.

Classification of cystic formations of the prostate gland Cystic formations of the prostate can be congenital and acquired, infectious (including parasitic, which can reach a large size) and non-infectious, inflammatory and non-inflammatory, complicated and uncomplicated.

Congenital Congenital formations are diagnosed quite rarely and occur when the duct of the gland is blocked during fetal development. This form of pathology is often detected during diagnostics for another reason..

The most common congenital cystic formations are:.

Muller canal;

prostate uterus;

seminal vesicle;

ejaculatory duct.

Acquired Acquired forms of pathology include:.

multiple small neoplasms in benign cystic prostatic hyperplasia;

retention cysts that develop during dilatation (expansion) of the lobules of the gland against the background of acquired obstruction of its small ducts. Most often occur in the peripheral part of the gland, can be localized in the region of the internal opening of the urethra.

Signs of a prostate cyst Small cystic formations that do not compress the urethra (its prostate) usually do not cause any concern to the patient.

With a congenital form of pathology, the patient often goes to the doctor with the onset of an active sexual life, while the only sign may be the detection of blood impurities in the semen. In some cases, hematuria is also noted. Congenital cysts, as a rule, are localized at the base of the gland, have a teardrop or spindle shape. The size of a congenital neoplasm usually does not exceed 4 cm.

If a cystic formation occurs in the region of the internal opening of the urethra, the patient may experience difficulty urinating. Symptoms of large cysts are in many ways similar to the clinical signs of prostate adenoma..

The main features are presented in the table.

clinical sign.

Description.

Urination disorders.

Frequent urge, weakening of the jet, frequent urination at night, the need to strain, burning and pain during the act of urination, feeling of incomplete emptying of the bladder.

Sexual dysfunction.

Weakening of erection, discomfort during ejaculation, premature ejaculation, impotence.

General deterioration in well-being.

An increase in body temperature to subfebrile values, fatigue, pulling pains in the perineum.

What is the danger for men? The condition can be aggravated by:.

accession of an infectious process;

traumatic tears;

bulging cyst in the rectum;

occlusion of the urethra.

Against the background of cystic formations can be observed:.

prostatitis;

stones in the prostate;

prostate abscess;

atrophy of surrounding tissues;

deformation of the blood vessels located near the neoplasm;

acute urinary retention, and a number of other dangerous pathologies.

Prostate cysts can cause infertility. A purulent cyst can rupture and spread the infection to other organs and tissues.

Rarely malignant tumors of the prostate.

Diagnosis On palpation through the rectum, small cysts are usually defined as a dense round formation.. It can be filled with serous or serosanguineous fluid.. The contents of the cystic cavity may be colorless, when blood enters it becomes brown.

For the diagnosis are carried out:.

digital rectal examination of the prostate;

transurethral ultrasound (ultrasound) of the prostate;

CT scan;

To clarify the diagnosis can be carried out:.

laboratory tests of blood, urine, ejaculate, prostate secretion;

puncture of the neoplasm with subsequent laboratory examination of the contents.

In case of urination disorders resort to uroflowmetry.

Treatment of prostate cysts In most cases, treatment is not required, however, the patient is shown dispensary observation in order to control the formation, its tendency to increase, suppuration, malignancy. Regular examinations by a doctor are especially important for patients over 40 years of age, since in this group of people, malignant degeneration of the cyst can occur quite quickly and asymptomatically..

Removal If symptoms develop and the patient's condition worsens, surgical removal of the neoplasm is required.. You can remove the cyst in the following ways:.

Puncture of the cavity followed by the introduction of a sclerosing agent into it.

Laser enucleation of a cyst.

Surgical intervention by closed (transurethral, \u200b\u200btransrectal, through the perineum or anterior abdominal wall) or open (laparotomy) method.

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