Internal hemorrhoids is a proctological pathology, which is characterized by an increase in the veins of the rectal plexus, bleeding from the anus, inflammation and prolapse of nodes. The nodes are located directly under the mucosa inside the lumen of the rectum.

Symptoms of internal hemorrhoids The main symptoms of internal hemorrhoids include the following:.

discharge of blood from the anus (traces of blood may remain on underwear, toilet paper, in feces);

protrusion of \;

pain syndrome;

itching in the anus;

mucus secretion.

If the above symptoms are detected, the patient needs to contact a specialist as soon as possible.. The sooner you visit the doctor's office, the better the result will be..

Most often, internal hemorrhoids are associated with the following factors:.

overeating;

excessive physical activity;

hereditary predisposition;

stool disorders (diarrhea or constipation);

excess weight;

arterial hypertension;

varicose veins in the pelvic area, lower extremities;

pregnancy and childbirth.

On the pathogenesis of hemorrhoids In the case of prolonged exposure to destructive factors, the inflow of arterial blood into the cavernous veins of the rectum increases. The outflow, in turn, either remains at the initial level or decreases. This condition leads to the development of hyperplasia of the cavernous bodies.. They increase in size, and their walls thicken.. Due to superficial damage to the cavernous veins of the hemorrhoids, bleeding occurs.

Specialists divide internal hemorrhoids into the following stages:.

the first. The patient is uncomfortable at this stage.. He has rectal bleeding.

second. This stage involves the prolapse of nodes, the appearance of itching, mucus. Hemorrhoids fall out, but they can be set on their own.

third. At this stage, the patient is faced with the same sensations as in the previous one.. But in order to solve the problem, you need to study the manual guide for reducing knots..

fourth. At the last stage, internal hemorrhoids are accompanied by bleeding, regular prolapse of nodes, anal sphincter incontinence, and severe pain.. At this stage, it is impossible to set the hemorrhoids back into the anal canal.

Complications If you do not contact a specialist in time, you may encounter such serious complications:.

the appearance of anal fissures;

rectal bleeding (may be \;

prolonged bleeding (ranging from the discharge of a few drops of blood and ending with copious discharge);

thrombosis of external, internal hemorrhoids;

necrosis, infringement of nodes in the anus;

anal sphincter insufficiency;

chronic or acute paraproctitis (the patient begins to complain of fever, pain and swelling in the anus).

Diagnosis, methods of treatmentIt is impossible to carry out effective treatment of this disease without a thorough examination. Diagnosis of internal hemorrhoids includes the following:.

Collection of anamnesis (individual, family). The doctor is interested in the symptoms and duration of the disease, the nature of the feces, the patient's complaints. A very important role is also played by the tendency to allergies, pathologies, oncology..

Visual inspection of the affected area. The specialist detects weeping, rashes, swelling, cracks, etc.. To determine them, the patient must lie on the couch on his left side, bend his knees.

Examination of the anal canal using fingers. The doctor examines the soreness of the walls, the presence of defects or scars of the mucosa, tumors or polyps, the tone of the anal sphincter.

Anoscopy. For this, an anal speculum is used.. With it, you can examine the area located at a distance of 10 cm from the anus.

Sigmoidoscopy. The specialist uses a tube with a light bulb, a lens, a pear and an eyepiece. With the help of this device, the rectum of the rectosigmoid department up to 25 cm is examined.

Irrigoscopy. This is an x-ray examination of the rectum.. For this procedure, barium sulfate is used.. The introduction of contrast is carried out retrograde (into the rectum in the form of an "

To cure internal hemorrhoids, the doctor may prescribe the following procedures to the patient:.

conservative therapy;

minimally invasive treatment;

sclerosis of hemorrhoids;

ligation of knots with latex rings;

IR photocoagulation;

laser vaporization;

surgical intervention.

Prevention of internal hemorrhoids. These include following a strict diet. Overeating, alcohol abuse, spicy, spicy, fatty foods are prohibited.

Constipation should also be avoided. To do this, you need to normalize the diet and increase water intake.. Effective foods are seaweed, wheat bran, flaxseed.

Internal hemorrhoids can also occur in people who spend most of their time in a sitting position.. To avoid this pathology, it is recommended to periodically organize hiking..

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