Researchers at the Aikan School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Medical Center in New York have concluded that elevated levels of certain molecules in the brain lead to early signs of diabetes, Pannochka, an online publication for girls and women aged 14 to 35, reports.. net Scientists reported this in the journal Cell Metabolism.

Past research has looked at the building blocks of protein, branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), which are found in high amounts in the blood of obese and diabetic patients..

Studies have shown that an increase in BCAA levels is observed many years before the onset of the clinical picture of diabetes mellitus.. However, no one could explain why some people break down the breakdown of these molecules and how they begin to accumulate..

The Mount Sinai team became interested in this issue after publishing in a journal that reported that BCAAs may be involved in insulin signaling pathways in rats.. That could explain everything.

In the course of their work, scientists confirmed the connection between an increase in the level of BCAA in the blood and a violation of the breakdown of these amino acids in the liver.. The experiments were carried out on mice, monkeys and people with prediabetes..

Interestingly, a completely new molecular pathway has been discovered that is shared by all of these species.. The authors say that such mechanisms, common to several species, are usually preserved by evolution as biologically important..

Elevated BCAA Levels Display Abnormalities in the Brain.

“The results of our study demonstrate for the first time that the insulin signaling pathway in the mammalian brain regulates the rate of BCAA breakdown in the liver.. This suggests that elevated plasma levels of BCAA reflect disruptions in this signaling pathway in the brain, which is what we see in people with obesity and prediabetes,” says Dr. Christoph Buettner, professor of medicine at the Icahn School of Medicine, lead author of the latest study..

Dr. Buettner's colleague and co-author of the new work, Dr. Andrew Shin, an instructor at the Aikan School of Medicine, adds: " Since disruption of signaling in the brain causes an early rise in BCAAs, insulin resistance and diabetes essentially originate in the brain, not the pancreas.. BCAA levels are the real indicator of insulin sensitivity.”.

Other achievements in this area.

In August 2014, the American scientific publication Proceedings of the National Academies of Sciences reported that scientists had identified another molecular mechanism in the brain associated with the development of diabetes..

The authors of this study, from the Yale University School of Medicine, found that the enzyme prolyl endopeptidase, which is produced in the brain, is an important factor in controlling glucose levels.. This enzyme is associated with the activity of pancreatic cells, so it plays a role in both types of diabetes..

In 2013, an international team of scientists reported new evidence for the theory that the brain plays a key role in glucose regulation and the development of type 2 diabetes.. They proposed a two-system model, according to which the pancreas responds to changes in glucose levels by releasing insulin, and the brain increases glucose metabolism.. If you believe their theory, then of these two systems, first of all, the brain “falls”, after which the load on the pancreatic system increases, and over time it does not withstand - diabetes develops.

medbe. en.