A new study, presented in the American Journal of Kidney Diseases, using a large nationwide US registry of patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis, found that a higher incidence of low blood pressure episodes during hemodialysis was associated with a higher incidence of diagnosed peripheral arterial disease.

Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a condition characterized by progressive atherosclerotic narrowing or occlusion of the arteries, especially of the lower extremities. PAD is often underdiagnosed in patients with kidney failure who may not experience traditional symptoms.

It is likely that the sudden drop in blood pressure that occurs with intradialysis hypotension may decrease blood flow to the extremities, which increases the number of PAD events.. Scientists believe patients with intradialysis hypotension should be more carefully screened for PAD.

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