Bacterial pneumonia is one of the common and dangerous diseases.. It proceeds with a pronounced inflammatory reaction and, with inadequate treatment, can lead to death.

The development of the disease is associated with the penetration of bacteria into the lung tissue. The basis of this infectious pathology is an acute inflammatory process in the lung tissue caused by a microbial agent.. The disease occurs in all age groups..

How pneumonia develops; etiology; pneumonia is caused by bacteria of different types, so the clinical manifestations and severity of the disease are quite diverse. The following bacteria can cause lung inflammation:.

pneumococci;

haemophilus influenzae;

Staphylococcus aureus;

pyogenic streptococcus;

enterococci;

legionella.

A large number of cases of severe pneumonia caused by a bacterial or mixed viral-bacterial infection are recorded annually.

One of the possible causative agents of the disease is Legionella. This is largely due to the uncontrolled use of antibacterial drugs that are freely available in pharmacies, which leads to an increase in the antibiotic resistance of pathogens.

The disease was also widespread due to an increase in the population of the weakened immune system against the background of concomitant severe chronic diseases..

The lungs are most often affected in patients with alcoholism, diabetes, HIV infection, hepatitis, bronchiectasis, cancer, cardiovascular failure. This group of patients makes up about 20% of the total number of pneumonia..

Pathogenesis A pathogenic microorganism enters the lower respiratory tract from the environment through the bronchi along with inhaled air or bacteria-contaminated secretions of the oral cavity and nasopharynx.

Bacteria from foci of inflammation can spread through blood or lymph. Also, infection can spread from acute or chronic foci of inflammation through lymph or blood.. Hematogenous dissemination of the causative agent of pneumonia occurs from the extrapulmonary focus (pharyngeal abscess, infective endocarditis) or from injured and postoperative areas.

A certain role is played by the virulence of the pathogen, the state of local and general immunity.

Classification The following types of pneumonia are distinguished:.

community-acquired: acquired outside the hospital;

nosocomial, or nosocomial: acquired in a medical institution;

aspiration pneumonia;

pneumonia in people with severe immune disorders: congenital immunodeficiency, HIV infection, iatrogenic immunosuppression.

EUROSMI. RU.