Sometimes, during a gynecological examination, various kinds of deviations in the structure of the genitals, including the structure of the uterus, are detected. One of the frequent deviations is the two-horned uterus.. Such a diagnosis often scares patients, and they want to know what is fraught with the presence of a similar problem..

The two-horned uterus is an anomaly that leads to the fact that the uterus has the form of a cavity split into two horns (of the division), which converge downwards into a single cavity. At the same time, the cervix is ??uniform in the uterus, and each fallopian tube has its own separate incomplete chamber..

In the presence of a horned uterus, irregularities in the menstrual cycle or recurrent abnormal bleeding may occur, difficulties in carrying a pregnancy or infertility may occur.. But with the current level of diagnosis and treatment, such women can be helped to get pregnant and give birth, although such a pregnancy will be conjugated with a certain risk..

Two-horned uterus: causes.

Among all the anomalies in the structure of the uterus, the two-horned uterus occurs most often. Such an anomaly is formed as a result of impaired intrauterine development of the fetus, as a result of an incomplete confluence of specific Mulerian ducts in the period from 10 to 14 weeks.

Usually, if there is a two-horned uterus, the woman has one vagina and one cervix, but sometimes a doubling of the cervix with an incomplete vaginal septum can occur.

Also, one horn in the uterus may have a rudimentary (rudimentary) character. At the same time, if during pregnancy a fertilized egg is attached in the area of ??the rudimentary horn, the pregnancy can proceed as an ectopic with a ruptured horn area and heavy bleeding into the abdominal cavity.

In some cases, both horns of the uterus are fully developed, and in each of them a normal menstrual cycle may well pass, a pregnancy may occur, which may well be completed by childbirth.

The formation of the two-horned uterus can be promoted by the influence on the fetus of various kinds of damaging factors during the first months of pregnancy, when the reproductive system is laid and the development of the genitals.

Different kinds of toxins such as alcohol, nicotine, narcotic substances, chemicals and drugs, imbalance of vitamins, stress factors during gestation, endocrine disorders in the form of thyrotoxicosis or diabetes mellitus, heart defects in the mother bearing the fetus have such a teratogenic effect..

Can damage the embryo infection, viral or microbial - measles and rubella, influenza, syphilis and Toxoplasma, some other. May adversely affect the development of genital and toxicosis of pregnancy or fetal hypoxia. Often the two-horned uterus is combined with malformations of the urinary system..

Options two-horned uterus.

Depending on how much the splitting of the uterus, gynecologists secrete a complete, incomplete and saddle-shaped type of two-horned uterus.

The full version of the two-horned uterus has a division into two cavities and outgoing horns in the area of ??the uterosacral ligaments.. The angle between the position of both horns may be different in magnitude.

With a pronounced separation of the uterus, the formation of separate cavities, which resemble two identical uterus, close to each other. With this type of pregnancy can develop quite normally in one of the horns.

In the case of an incomplete version, the cavity splits in the region of only the upper third of the uterus, the opening between the two horns is not very deep.. At the same time in size and shape both horns can be approximately the same..

Saddle uterus is generally isolated as a separate developmental anomaly..

How can manifest itself two-horned uterus.

Having a two-horned uterus may not manifest itself in any way. But sometimes with a similar anomaly, painful menstruation or bleeding can occur..

Often, women with a similar deviation have spontaneous miscarriages or infertility, but there may be options for a completely normal course of pregnancy and independent delivery in time.

Usually, with such a deviation, pregnancy proceeds in one of the horns, although it is possible in both horns at once. With such an abnormality, pregnancies are carried out as pathological with the risk of interruption and miscarriage, which requires careful monitoring by doctors..

Usually, pregnancy is terminated in the first trimester, since small volumes of the horn and problems with the blood supply to the cavity prevent the growth of the fetus.

With this structure of the uterus, abnormalities in the location of the placenta are frequent - its presentation or low placentation, which leads to the threat of premature detachment and bleeding.

If there is a bipod, the risk of developing cervical insufficiency increases - the cervix is ??unable to hold the fetus and open, and the fetus may take a pelvic or transverse position, which will cause premature birth and a violation of contractility of the uterus, the risks of postpartum hemorrhage. In the presence of anomalies in the position of the fetus during this pregnancy, cesarean section is performed.

How to diagnose and treat the two-horned uterus.

Abnormalities in the structure of the uterus today are recognized by ultrasound during vaginal or transabdominal examination. To confirm the diagnosis, hysterosalpingography, hysteroscopy and laparoscopy are carried out, if necessary - MRI. According to research data, the type of two-horned uterus and the degree of anomaly are revealed, which determines the further prognosis for women.

When treating such an anomaly, surgical tactics are resorted to only in the case of habitual miscarriage, two or three miscarriages in a row, in the presence of infertility.

The purpose of the operation with a two-horned uterus is to restore a single uterine cavity. Usually used to remove the rudimentary horn of the uterus or excision of the septum, which divides the uterus into two.

Today, abdominal surgery is rarely used, usually laparoscopic surgery is performed, hysteroscopic techniques are used.. After the operation, the woman is placed on an intrauterine device for six months..

With a similar developmental anomaly, the predictions are quite optimistic: http:// vitaportal. rukna, and women can become pregnant and give birth, although pregnancy will need to be conducted under the strict supervision of a doctor. Doctors will carry out prevention of miscarriages and bleeding, problems with the placenta. If necessary, delivery will be carried out earlier than the indications by cesarean section. For severe abnormalities, surgical correction is performed with a reduced risk of infertility from 95% to 25%..

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