In winter, due to the constant wearing of headdresses and sudden changes in temperature in the street and indoors, many have problems with hair and scalp. How to warn them and what to do if there are unpleasant symptoms? This is described by a dermatovenereologist, trichologist Nikita Agafonov.

To drink and smoke - to harm hair.

On the one hand, the color, density and structure of the hair are 90% dependent on our heredity, and with genetics you can not argue. However, knowing the main causes of hair and scalp diseases, and also following the rules of hair care, you can significantly improve the appearance of hair. If, despite all your efforts, the curls remain dull and brittle, you are concerned about dandruff or hair loss, - a full consultation of the trichologist (a doctor who is engaged in diagnostics, prevention and treatment of hair and scalp diseases).

The most common causes of trichological problems are the following factors: decreased immunity, stress and fatigue, improper hair care (violation of hygiene, mechanical damage, abuse of dyes), chronic diseases (most often - the endocrine system), as well as fungal infection of the scalp. Seriously affect the health of hair and unbalanced diet, diet, smoking, alcohol abuse.

Where does dandruff come from?.

One of the most common trichological problems is dandruff. Today, every third person in the world is facing it. The causes of dandruff are diverse. It can be diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, hormonal failures, nervous shocks and t. One or all of these factors lead to an acceleration in the growth of epidermal cells and a reduction in the period of exfoliation of the skin. If a healthy person has an average period of about a month, in patients with dandruff - 5-7 days.

But in most cases, the cause of dandruff is a fungal infection of the scalp. If it is installed, you can count on a good effect from the use of antifungal agents in the form of therapeutic shampoos. These include Nizoral, Eberscept, Perchotal, Dermazol, Derkos (sold in pharmacies). They can be alternated with shampoos containing zinc, sulfur and tar. These active ingredients normalize the work of the sebaceous glands (an excess amount of sebum creates favorable conditions for the development of fungi and bacteria), regulate the metabolism in the skin and have an anti-inflammatory effect.

If dandruff arose against the backdrop of such a scalp disease as seborrhea, it is also recommended to use sulsenic soap or paste containing sulfur. With "greasy" seborrhea (a sign - sebaceous scales of yellow color that can not be shaken off), wipe the skin with alcohol solution of salicylic acid, with "dry" (white scales easily separable from hair) - apply aqueous solutions of boric or salicylic acid with the addition of a small amount of alcohol.

Menu for hair.

An important role in the prevention and treatment of trichological diseases is played by our diet. So, if you are inclined to dandruff, you should stop using baked goods, fried potatoes, sweets, macaroni. In general, monitor the amount of carbohydrates in the food - daily abuse of them can trigger a metabolic disorder. The cause of seborrhea and dandruff often become and diets, when the body is systematically inadequate nutrients and vitamins.

In general, to prevent problems with scalp and hair, it is necessary to limit the consumption of fats, spicy and spicy dishes, coffee and chocolate, alcohol, cakes, baked goods, high cholesterol foods. All of the above food makes the curls lifeless, brittle, dry or excessively greasy.

But safely eat fresh vegetables, fruits, greens, nuts, jelly and cold. Drink more water - preferably mineral water. But the main component of the menu for a healthy head of hair is meat. Ideally - beef or lamb, containing a unique set of trace elements to strengthen the hair structure.

Rules of healthy hair.

In addition to balanced nutrition, keep the hair healthy and shiny will help the following simple steps:.

take special vitamins in the autumn-spring period, with strict diets and after severe illnesses and surgical interventions;.

use high-quality shampoos and conditioners that are tailored to suit your hair type;.

use only a personal comb;.

Avoid brushes with sharp and metallic denticles - they easily damage the hair and scalp;.

protect hair from prolonged exposure to sunlight, sudden temperature changes, precipitation (especially in industrial cities);.

Avoid frequent stains, use the most gentle hair dyes;.

minimize the use of a hair dryer, curling iron and ironing.

Wash your health!.

Many people are still confident that hair should be washed every 5-7 days, and frequent washing is very harmful. Meanwhile, experts advise to wash hair at the first signs of fatness, to prevent blockage of skin pores of the head. This can be done on a daily basis, the main thing is to use not too hot water and get the most mild shampoo, which before use is preferably also bisected with water.

Folk recipes for dandruff.

Eat into the scalp warmed apple cider vinegar, wrap your hair with a plastic wrap and a terry towel. After an hour, rinse with warm water with a normal shampoo.

Before washing your head, apply kefir on your hair, wait 15 minutes and rinse thoroughly with shampoo. Make a medical mask daily for a week, then - as the appearance of dandruff, and for prevention - once a month.

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