Osteoporosis is the fourth most common non-infectious disease in the world, more often affecting the population of developed countries. In addition, this is the most common disease, the bone system of man, moreover, the most vulnerable to him are women. Osteoporosis is a systemic disease in which the whole body's demineralization and its rarefaction take place, the bones become brittle and break easily. Bone tissue becomes so fragile that fractures occur at the slightest blow or normal load. Bones can break when you descend the stairs, lifting weights, not to mention the falls, as reported by the Internet publication for girls and women from 14 to 35 years old Pannochka. What are the causes of osteoporosis? The fact is that this disease usually occurs as a result of the influence of many factors that prevent the maintenance of mineral balance in bone tissues. Here are some of them:.

genetic predisposition (especially on the female line);.

elderly or senile age;.

diseases leading to metabolic disorders;.

change in hormonal status: with certain diseases of the endocrine system or during menopause. With the onset of menopause, the production of female hormones, estrogens, that contribute to the deposition of calcium in bone tissue decreases;.

bad habits, such as smoking, alcohol abuse, this can include excessive coffee infatuation;.

diseases of the digestive tract, reducing the absorption of calcium from food;.

numerous pregnancies;.

adherence to rigid diets;.

long-term use of certain medications, such as thyroid hormones, glucocorticoids, diuretics, tetracycline group preparations and others.

How is the development of the disease? In the bones of a person throughout life, the processes of destruction of the old tissue and the formation of a new. Under the influence of adverse factors, the formation of new tissue slows down, and it does not have time to fill the voids left after the destruction of the old, there are symptoms of osteoporosis. The bones become loose and brittle, the total mass of the bone tissue of a person decreases. The spine deforms, which is often accompanied by pain in the back and a noticeable decrease in the growth of a person, often the limb bones break.

In the beginning the disease lasts for a long time practically without any signs. About its presence can say the following symptoms of osteoporosis: deformity of the spine and lower back pain, but patients rarely pay attention to this, writing off manifestations of the disease for other reasons. The patient learns about the presence of this disease, by contacting a hospital for a fracture.

Diagnosis of osteoporosis, as noted above, often occurs after the violation of bone integrity. If a person often has a bone fracture, you can suspect the disease. The final diagnosis is made by the orthopedic traumatologist or rheumatologist after a thorough examination, including: radiography, calcium and phosphorus analysis in the blood, hormonal status analysis, densitometric examination or computed tomography if necessary. In addition, the patient is assigned consultations with other specialists to determine the causes of osteoporosis: endocrinologist, gynecologist, therapist and other.

Treatment of osteoporosis is appointed depending on the reasons that caused it. If there is a violation of the hormonal background, prescribe drugs that stabilize it. In the presence of bad habits - rejection of them. Everyone without exception shows the intake of calcium preparations with vitamin D3. Physiotherapy exercises and massage improve blood supply to bone tissue. When deforming the spine, a medical corset is often prescribed, among other things, an employee for the prevention of vertebral fractures.

The measures to prevent osteoporosis, in the first place, include rational nutrition containing the necessary amount of calcium and trace elements. It includes: milk, cheese, sour-milk products, greens, fish with bones, nuts, fruits, vegetables. It is also necessary to get rid of bad habits and lead an active lifestyle: physical training, swimming contribute to strengthening of muscles and bone tissue.

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