Acute inflammatory process of the gallbladder in medical practice is called cholecystitis. This dangerous disease refers to acute surgical, affecting the organs of the abdominal cavity, and is 13-18% of all diagnoses of this group. In women, cholecystitis in acute form develops three times more often than in male patients, according to the Internet publication for girls and women from 14 to 35 years old Pannochka. net Among the numerous and diverse causes of acute inflammation of the gallbladder are:.

increased hydrostatic pressure in the biliary tract (hypertension);.

the presence of concrements in the gallbladder and / or ducts, defiantly calculous cholecystitis;.

infection of bile ducts;.

malnutrition, diet failure;.

diseases of the stomach, provoking a violation of the physico-chemical properties of bile (dysholia);.

reduced general (nonspecific) resistance - the ability of the human body to resist external damaging factors;.

pathological vascular changes in the ways of excretion of bile due to atherosclerosis.

Hypertension. The phenomenon of hypertension in the biliary tract can develop due to a spasm associated with a disruption in the functioning of sphincters located in the terminal part of the common bile duct and the phacerous papilla (large duodenal papilla) and preventing the transport of bile to the 12-colon.

Also, high blood pressure can be caused by changes in the morphological character - for example, stricture (constriction) of the common bile duct in the terminal compartment, which is typical when the concrements (choledocholithiasis). In such cases, there is a stably reduced intake of bile into the 12-colon (cholestasis), the symptoms of cholecystitis include augmentation of the liver, the presence in the serum of an increased amount of bilirubin (hyperbilirubinemia).

The cause of hypertension can be and individual stones in the common bile duct, measuring more than 30-50mm and descending into the distal department; this often leads to a combined inflammatory process of the gallbladder and bile ducts (cholecystocholangitis) and mechanical jaundice of a progressive nature.

Exacerbations of CLS. Medical statistics show that out of 10 cases when acute cholecystitis is diagnosed, 8-9 cases are triggered by exacerbation of CLS. Stones, which for a long time are in the gall bladder, injure the mucous membrane of the organ, violate its motility; often concrements overlap the lumen of the gallbladder, which also leads to the development of inflammation.

Dysfunction of diet. Excessive use of acute, fatty foods acts as a "trigger" of the disease in almost 100% of cases. Entering into the body, such food causes increased bile formation, leading to a sphincter sphincter of the festering nipple (sphincter of Oddi) and, as a result, to hypertension in the biliary tract. Spasmodic phenomena can develop as a result of the reaction of the mucosa of the gallbladder, which has an increased sensitivity, to food allergens.

Gastritis, accompanied by a decrease in gastric secretion. With chronic inflammation of the stomach - gastritis - there is often a significant decrease in the production of digestive juice, especially such a component of it as hydrochloric acid (gastritis anatcidic and hypoacid). As a result, achilia develops - the absence of hydrochloric acid and peptin in the gastric juice, and pathogens from the upper gastrointestinal tract can penetrate the bile ducts through the 12-colon to the gallbladder.

Vascular pathologies. Local anemia of the gallbladder mucosa, as well as a violation of blood fluidity (rheological parameters), also contribute to the development of cholecystitis in acute form. Against the backdrop of local ischemia, when a pathogenic microflora enters the gallbladder, destructive varieties of acute inflammation of the gallbladder can easily appear - gangrenous and phlegmonous.

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