Sarcoma of the uterus is a malignant non-epithelial neoplasm of the uterus. Frequency - about 6% of malignant tumors of the uterus and 1% of all malignant tumors of the genital organs of women aged 45-50 years. Sarcoma of the uterus is characterized by rapid development and metastasis by hematogenous way into the lungs, liver, bones, the walls of the vagina. It differs by invasive growth with rapid penetration into neighboring organs and tissues.

Causes of uterine sarcoma Etiopathogenesis of sarcomas of the uterus has been studied little. Apparently, the emergence of sarcomatous tumors is due to poly-factors in combination with disembryoplasia and recurrent trauma accompanied by proliferation of regenerating tissues.

Sarcoma of the uterus may also be preceded by uterine fibroids (1.9 to 26.

Symptoms of sarcoma of the uterus Clinical manifestations are associated with the location and rate of tumor growth. The uterus rapidly increases, as it increases, violations of the menstrual cycle, pain in the small pelvis, abundant watery oeli, sometimes with an unpleasant odor. When sarcoma of the uterus occurs in the myomatous nodes, clinical manifestations may not differ from the clinical picture of uterine fibroids (submucous, subserous, interstitial).

When infection of the tumor and the formation of extensive necrosis zones, fever develops, anemia develops and rapidly cachexia. From the appearance of the first symptoms before going to the doctor usually takes several months.

Diagnosis of uterine sarcoma Diagnosis of uterine sarcoma is difficult. It is possible to suspect sarcoma in the presence of the following signs: rapid growth of the tumor of the uterus or myomatous nodes, acyclic hemorrhages, anemia without hemorrhage in the presence of a uterine tumor, increased ESR, deterioration of the general condition, relapse after removal of polyps or submucous nodes, tumor development in the stump after supravaginal amputation of the uterus.

The diagnosis of sarcoma is usually established by histological examination of a scraping tissue tearing from the uterine cavity of the tissue or tumor removed during surgery. In case of histological examination, sarcoma must be differentiated with cellular myomas, with fibroids accompanied by inflammatory phenomena and disintegration, with necrotic polyps, inflammatory endometrium processes, cancers of solid structure.

Treatment of uterine sarcoma Radical tumor removal is the most effective. The volume of surgery depends on the location and spread of the tumor: minimal - extirpation of the uterus with appendages, maximum - enhanced extirpation with removal of regional lymph nodes, parametric infiltrates, bandage art. hypogastricae, with appropriate indications, resection of adjacent organs is possible. At the same time, radical removal of isolated implantation metastases is justified.

Radiation therapy is indicated as an additional method in combined treatment with the aim of devitalizing disseminated tumor cells or as a leading method in combination with chemotherapy. Chemotherapy is not very effective, it can only be used as a palliative method for common processes.

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