"Frozen pregnancy" - this diagnosis sounds like a bolt from the blue. A woman has a million questions. Why did this happen? Who is guilty? Was it possible to prevent trouble? Will it happen again in the future? Let's try to understand.

A dead pregnancy in a medical language is the fetal death of a fetus. Alas, according to statistics, about 15% of expectant mothers face this terrible diagnosis. Most often this occurs in the first trimester, but it happens in the second, and even in the third.

At the same time, a woman can remain in ignorance for a long time, because all the signs of an "interesting situation" are obvious: menstruation stops, the size of the uterus increases, the mammary glands swell, the nipples of the nipples swell, some young ladies feel fine and do not complain of appetite.

As a rule, fading becomes known on a routine ultrasound examination, when a discrepancy between the size of the embryo and the duration of pregnancy is detected (the baby is less than it should be) and the heartbeat is not audible. In some cases, it may be found that in the fetal egg there is no embryo at all - it is empty. To rule out the possibility of error, a few days later, repeated ultrasound. If a very short time has passed since the fetal development stopped, doctors recommend a little wait. Usually, two weeks after the death of the embryo, a spontaneous miscarriage occurs. If this does not happen, an immediate abortion is required. After all, the products of the disintegration of tissues are absorbed into the blood and begin to poison the mother's body.

It's all about the genes.

In most cases, fetal death in the early stages of pregnancy is caused by chromosomal abnormalities: "breakdowns" can get to the embryo from both the mother and the father, or arise with an unsuccessful combination of parental genes. Unfortunately, it is impossible to know in advance about such a course of events. There is a chance that this is a one-time problem and the next pregnancy will end successfully. In any case, before planning it, parents need to consult a geneticist who will assess the risk of a child with a pathology. If there is a danger, that is, the mother or father develop genetically inferior sex cells, will have to use a donor sperm or egg.

Look for an infection!.

The second common cause of frozen pregnancy are acute and chronic infections. If the protective forces of the mother's body weaken for the period of gestation, it becomes a tasty morsel for infections. Mycoplasmosis, ureaplasmosis, chlamydiosis - diseases that are previously asymptomatic. A lot of problems can be brought by gonorrhea, syphilis and t. To prevent this, it is better to plan pregnancy in advance: you will have time to prepare and cure all "hiding" diseases.

Treacherous Herpes.

Cytomegalovirus - another threat to normal embryo development. This disease is from the family of herpes viruses, which is transmitted through the blood, urine, saliva, sperm, that is, through any physiological fluid. You can get infected by airborne or by domestic route, when the infection passes from one person to another through dirty hands or household items (towels, dishes). If the future mother was exposed to the virus in the early stages of pregnancy or shortly before it, the fetus may die. Infection in recent months is the cause of congenital malformations and diseases of the baby: jaundice, hemorrhages in the internal organs, enlargement of the liver and spleen.

Unfortunately, at the moment there are no effective methods to combat this insidious virus. The maximum the medicine can do is to reduce the manifestations of the disease to a minimum and achieve a stable remission. But this is possible only if the infection is found before pregnancy. Then the woman will have to take antiviral drugs and undergo an immunotherapy course. After treatment, the virus will go into hibernation and not hurt the baby. Unless, of course, wakes up, so the future mother needs to be very careful: she can not be cold, nervous, take cytotoxic drugs (drugs that block cell division), and immunosuppressants.

Rubella.

Rubella, if a woman suddenly becomes infected with her during pregnancy, from not the most dangerous childhood illness will turn into a deadly enemy. It suppresses fetal cell division, as a result of which the organs are formed incorrectly. At each term of pregnancy, the infection has its favorite lesions, those that are currently in the process of active formation: 3-11 weeks of pregnancy - the brain, 4-7th week - eyes and heart, 7-12th - Hearing organs. The earlier infection occurred, the wider the range of embryonic developmental defects. Rubella disease in the first trimester of pregnancy - an indication for its immediate interruption. If this is not done, then further prospects will be bleak. In 10-40% of cases the development of the fetus freezes and spontaneous miscarriage occurs. In 20% of pregnancies end with the birth of a dead child. In 10-25% the baby with congenital anomalies dies in the first year of life. In the event that infection with the rubella virus occurred after 16 weeks, the threat to the fetus persists, but becomes minimal. Therefore, if in childhood you did not suffer this disease, before planning a pregnancy, you need to have an inoculation. And then pass the tests for the presence of immunity to the virus.

Flu epidemic.

Another danger is the flu epidemic. And the threat comes not so much from the causative agent of infection, but from the general symptoms of the disease: increased temperature and intoxication, which violate the blood flow. The embryo lacks oxygen and nutrients, as a result of which it can die.

Balance of hormones.

In the first trimester of pregnancy, endocrine system women are undergoing major changes. From the moment of conception, the body increases the number of female sex hormones: progesterone and estrogen. If there is a deficiency in the first or disturbed balance of both, the embryo does not receive enough nutrients and dies. The danger for its development is also endocrine diseases such as thyroid pathology, polycystic ovary syndrome and impaired function. Fortunately, these problems can be foreseen even before pregnancy. It is only necessary to pass the examination and pass the test for hormones.

Health. Sumy. Ua.

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