Bone marrow derived mesenchymal stromal stem cells (MSCs) reduce inflammation in acute lung damage, as shown in the mouse model. However, in vivo specific mechanisms of the influence of MSC on CD4 T-lymphocytes, causing inflammation, have not yet been studied, as reported by the Internet publication for girls and women from 14 to 35 years Pannochka. Net There are data obtained in the modeling of Th1-dependent diseases, suggesting that MSCs contribute to the predominance of the Th2 phenotype. However, it is not known whether the course of Th2-dependent diseases such as allergic asthma facilitates or worsens such an effect.

American scientists from the University of Vermont College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University and the University of Alabama at Birmingham examined the effects of systemic administration of MSCs on the murine model of Th2-dependent allergic airway inflammation. Inflammation was caused with ovalbumin in wild-type mice C57BL / 6 and BALB / c, as well as in mice lacking IFN? receptors. The effect of systemic administration of syngeneic and allogeneic MSCs in the period of antigenic sensitization on airway hyperreactivity, inflammatory responses in the lungs, antigen-specific CD4 T lymphocytes and serum immunoglobulins.

It has been shown that both syngeneic and allogeneic MSCs suppress airway hyperreactivity and inflammatory response in the lungs, the mechanism of this effect being partly dependent on IFN?. However, contrary to other studies, MSCs do not inhibit the proliferation of antigen-specific CD4 T lymphocytes, but in vivo contribute to the predominance of the Th1 phenotype, as shown by measuring both the production of cytokines with antigen-specific CD4 T lymphocytes and the number of circulating antigen-specific immunoglobulins. Thus, the administration of MSC prevented the release of soluble inflammatory mediators by T-lymphocytes.

The animals of the control groups were given primary dermal fibroblasts instead of MSCs, which only reduced the inflammation to a small extent, and in some cases also increased the course of the disease.

The authors of the study conclude that MSCs suppress Th2-dependent allergic airway inflammation, affecting the differentiation of CD4 T-lymphocytes. Stimulation of MSCs in the formation of the Th1 phenotype of antigen-specific CD4 T lymphocytes is sufficient to suppress Th2-dependent allergic airway inflammation via the IFN?-dependent mechanism.

According to Dr. P. Katunyan, the chief physician of the Moscow Center for Biomedical Technologies, the mechanisms of the action of mesenchymal stem cells on inflammatory processes revealed in this study can be the basis for the cellular therapy of various inflammatory diseases, including allergies.

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